Kashmiris
have rarely seen good days. From 1300 A.D. they had to undergo foreign
rule for a long time. Kashmir was invaded very often. Because of this there
was bloodshed every now and then, and the government changed hands every
so often.
Kashmir has been
ruled by the Mughals, the Afghans, the Sikhs and the Dogras. Some
of these rulers were cruel and narrowminded. They destroyed temples
in Kashmir, and persecuted the Kashmiri Pandits. It is said that the Kashmiri
Pandits had to face so much hardship that they either became converts to
Islam or left Kashmir for good. It is also said that at one time the number
of Kashmiri Pandits was reduced to only eleven families.
But not all the
rulers were bad. Some of them were compassionate and progressive. They
kept both the Kashmiri Hindus and Muslims happy and made Kashmir prosperous.
From among these rulers Zain-ul-Abdin's name is mentioned with particular
reverence. That is why both Hindus and Muslims affectionately call him
"the great king".